HST-Hydrospeichertechnik GmbH

Produktion und Service hydropneumatischer Speicher

Storage calculation


Fundamental principles

Isothermal change of state of gases p0 x V0 = p1 x V1 = p2 x V2 applies when the change, the gas cushion in the accumulator, follows so very slowly when there is time enough for the heat exchange and, as a result of this, the temperature remains constant.

Adiabatic change of state of gases p0 x V0k= p0 x V1k= p2 x V2occurs when the change of the gas cushions in the accumulator occurs quickly and the temperature remains constant. Under the operating conditions in practice, there are mostly polytrope changes of state being closer to the adiabates than to the isotherms. The oil volume available depends on the rated value of
the hydraulic accumulator and on the pressure ratio during the operation.
According to the technical conditions of the hydraulic system the adequate related value can be chosen by me ans of equations.


Definitionen
p0 gas charging pressure
p1 minimum operating pressure
p2 maximum operating pressure
V0 effective gas volume nominal volume at the same time
V1 gas volume at p1
V2 gas volume at p2
ΔV oil volume available ΔV = V2 – V1
k adiabatic exponent (k = 1,4 for nitrogen uo to p2 =200 bar, over 200 bar k considerable difference)

Permissible pressure ratios

minimum pressure ratio

The following applies to bladder and diaphragm accumulators: p1 1,1 x p0

The minimum hydraulic pressure p1 should always be a little higher than the pre-set gas pressure p0 in order to avoid constant impacts of the bladder on the oil discharge plug when the accumulator is empty.

maximum pressure ratio 

The following applies to bladder accumulators: p24 x p0

The following applies to diaphragm accumulators: V0=0,16 – 2,0l, p2 ≤ 8 x p, V0=2,8l , p2  ≤ 4 x p0  

oil volume:
Depending on the pressures p0 , p1 , p2, the gas volumes V0V1 , V2 change. The oil volume available ΔV iscalculated as follows: ΔV = V2 – V1
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